The current study aimed to identify the level of cognitive competence and school compatibility among elementary school students in Ajloun Governorate, to reveal the nature of the relationship between cognitive competence and school compatibility among elementary school students, and to identify differences in the level of cognitive competence and school compatibility due to the variables (gender, age). The sample consisted of (400) male and female elementary students, selected by the simple random method. The results showed that the level of cognitive competence among elementary students is moderate. The level of school compatibility was high, the existence of a strong and statistically significant relationship between cognitive competence and school compatibility among elementary students, the existence of statistically significant differences in the level of cognitive competence attributed to the gender variable, in favor of females, and the existence of statistically significant differences in the level of cognitive competence attributed to the gender variable, in favor of males. in favor of females, the presence of statistically significant differences in the level of cognitive competence due to the age variable, in favor of 10 years and above, also no statistically significant differences in the level of school compatibility due to the gender variable, and the presence of statistically significant differences in the level of school compatibility due to the age variable, in favor of 10 years and above.